Distinct neuroanatomic subtypes in antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia classified by the predefined classification in a never-treated sample

Abstract Background Distinct neuroanatomic subtypes have been identified in never-treated patients with schizophrenia based on cerebral structural abnormalities, but whether antipsychotic-treated would be stratified under the guidance of such previously formed classification remains unclear. Objective The present study aimed to investigate alterations brain structures a predefined morphological and their relationships cognitive performance. Methods Cortical thickness, surface area, subcortical volume were extracted from 147 using magnetic resonance imaging for classification. Brief Assessment Cognition Schizophrenia (BACS) Positive Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) used assess cognition symptoms. Results Antipsychotic-treated categorized into three distinct patterns alterations. Subtypes 1 2 characterized by widespread deficits cortical thickness relatively limited area. In contrast, subtype 3 demonstrated thickening mainly parietal-occipital regions All subgroups compared healthy controls. Significant associations between abnormalities only observed 1, where thinning left lingual gyrus was conversely related symbol coding Conclusions Similar drug-naïve patients, heterogeneity exists disparate cognition. These findings promote our understanding performance context heterogeneity. Moreover, these results suggest that neurobiological needs considered research schizophrenia.